Rutilus
| Rutilus | |
|---|---|
| |
| Common roach (Rutilus rutilus) | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Cypriniformes |
| Family: | Leuciscidae |
| Subfamily: | Leuciscinae |
| Genus: | Rutilus Rafinesque, 1820[1] |
| Type species | |
| Cyprinus rutilus | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
Rutilus is a genus of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Leuciscidae, which includes the daces, Eurasian minnows and related fishes. This genus is a widely distributed lineage of leuciscids and ranges from West Europe to East Siberia.[2]
Taxonomy
[edit]Rutilus was first proposed as a genus in 1820 by the French polymath Constantine Samuel Rafinesque with Cyprinus rutilus designated as the type species but also the type species by absolute tautonymy.[1] Cyprinus rutilus was first formally described in the 10th edition of Systema Naturae by Carl Linnaeus with "European lakes" given as the type locality.[3]
In a phylogeographic study, Levin et al. (2017) argue that the Ponto-Caspian taxa including R. caspicus, R. heckelii and R. stoumboudae could represent a single widespread species whose range extends to Siberia, to be named Rutilus lacustris, whereas R. kutum is included in R. frisii. [4]
The genera Leucos and Sarmarutilus have been recently separated from Rutilus and are closely related to it.[5]
Etymology
[edit]Rutilus was chosen as the genus name by tautonymy with Cyprinus rutilus, rutilus means red, golden red and reddish yellow and is an allusion to the red colour of the fins.[6]
Species
[edit]Rutilus contains the following valid species:[3]
- Rutilus atropatenus Derjavin, 1937 (Azerbaijani spring roach)
- Rutilus caspicus (Yakovlev, 1870) (Caspian roach)
- Rutilus frisii (Nordmann, 1840) (Black Sea roach)
- Rutilus heckelii (Nordmann, 1840)
- Rutilus kutum (Kamensky, 1901) (Kutum)
- Rutilus lacustris (Pallas, 1814) (Pontic roach)
- Rutilus meidingeri (Heckel, 1851) (Pearlfish)
- Rutilus pigus (Lacepède, 1803) (Pigo)
- Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Common roach)
- Rutilus sojuchbulagi Abdurakhmanov, 1950 (Akstafa spring roach)
- Rutilus virgo (Heckel, 1852) (Cactus roach)
Characteristics
[edit]Rutilus, according to Rafinesque, was characterised by "Vent posterior nearer to the tail. Abdominal fins with nine rays. Mouth large and with lips. Scales large."[7] The smallest species in the genus is R. atropatenus with a maximum total length of 9.5 cm (3.7 in),[8] while the largest are R. frisii and R. meidingeri with a maximum total length of 70 cm (28 in).[9]
Distribution
[edit]Rutilus is a widely distributed genus of leuciscids and fishes from this genus are found from Western Europe to Estern Siberia.[10]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Genera in the family Leuciscinae". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 16 April 2025.
- ^ Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Species in genus Rutilus". FishBase. October 2016 version.
- ^ a b Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Rutilus". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 16 April 2025.
- ^ Levin, B.A., Simonov, E.P., Ermakov, O.A., Levina, M.A., Interesova, E.A., Kovalchuk, O.M., Malinina, Y.A., Mamilov, N.S., Mustafayev, N.J., Pilin, D.V., Pozdeev, I.V., Prostakov, N.I., Roubenyan, H.R., Titov, S.V. & Vekhov, D.A. (2017): Phylogeny and phylogeography of the roaches, genus Rutilus (Cyprinidae), at the Eastern part of its range as inferred from mtDNA analysis. Hydrobiologia, 788 (1): 33–46.
- ^ Bianco, P.G., Ketmaier, V. (2014). A revision of the Rutilus complex from Mediterranean Europe with description of a new genus, Sarmarutilus, and a new species, Rutilus stoumboudae (Teleostei: Cyprinidae). Zootaxa, 3841 (3): 379–402.
- ^ Christopher Scharpf (8 April 2024). "Family LEUCISCIDAE: Subfamily LEUCISCINAE Bonaparte 1835 (European Minnows)". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf. Retrieved 16 April 2025.
- ^ Rafinesque, C. S. (1820). "Fishes of the Ohio River". Western Review and Miscellaneous Magazine: a monthly publ., devoted to literature and science. 2 (4). Lexington, KY: 235–242.
- ^ Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Species in genus Pseudophoxinus". FishBase. February 2025 version.
- ^ Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Species in genus Rutilus". FishBase. February 2025 version.
- ^ B. A. Levin; E. P. Simonov; O. A. Ermakov; et al. (2016). "Phylogeny and phylogeography of the roaches, genus Rutilus (Cyprinidae), at the Eastern part of its range as inferred from mtDNA analysis". Hydrobiologia. 788 (1): 33–46. doi:10.1007/s10750-016-2984-3.
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